Comparative Analysis of Execution Time Performance and Memory Efficiency of AES-128, AES-192, and AES-256 Algorithms in Digital File Encryption
Keywords:
Cryptography, AES, Algorithm Performance, Execution Time, Memory EfficiencyAbstract
The Advanced Encryption Standard (AES) algorithm is a widely usedsymmetric encryption standard for maintaining the confidentiality of digitaldata. However, the choice of key length (128, 192, or 256 bits) often raisesquestions regarding the trade-off between security and system performance,especially in resource-constrained environments. This study aims to analyzethe performance comparison of the AES-128, AES-192, and AES-256algorithms based on execution time (encryption and decryption) and memoryusage efficiency (peak memory usage) parameters. The testing was conductedusing a Python implementation, with test file sizes ranging from 1 MB to 50MB. The experimental results showed a linear correlation between file sizeand processing time, with AES-128 recording the fastest performance. In the50 MB file test, AES-128 completed encryption in 0.108 seconds, a slight 4%advantage over AES-256, which took 0.113 seconds. On the other hand,memory analysis revealed that variations in key length had no significantimpact on RAM consumption. Memory usage is highly dependent on the inputfile size, ranging from ~3 MB for a 1 MB file to 150 MB for a 50 MB file.Based on these results, AES-128 is recommended for applications thatprioritize speed (high throughput), while AES-256 is more suitable forsecuring sensitive data archives that require maximum security.
Downloads
References
W. Stallings, Cryptography and Network Security: Principles and Practice, 8th ed. Hoboken, NJ: Pearson Education, 2022.
S. Oktavani, F. A. Sitorus, and U. F. S. S. Pane, “Analisis Keamanan Data Dengan Menggunakan Kriptografi Modern Algoritma Advance Encryption Standard (AES),” Jurnal Media Informatika (JUMIN), vol. 4, no. 2, pp. 102–109, 2023.
M. Muttaqin and others, “Perbandingan Kinerja Algoritma DES dan AES 128 dalam Model Simulasi Efek Avalanche,” IKRAITH-INFORMATIKA, vol. 8, no. 2, 2024.
R. Kapoor and S. Thakur, “Comparative Analysis of Symmetric and Asymmetric Key Algorithms in AI-Driven Environments,” International Journal of Computer Network and Information Security, vol. 14, no. 5, pp. 45–56, 2022, doi: 10.5815/ijcnis.2022.05.04.
G. Yadav, “Evaluating the Impact of AES-256 Encryption on Network Performance: An Analysis of Transfer Time, Latency and Throughput,” International Journal of Scientific Research in Modern Technology, vol. 2, no. 9, 2023.
A. Rahman, M. Hasan, and S. Islam, “Lightweight AES Optimization for Resource-Constrained IoT Devices,” Sensors, vol. 24, no. 2, 2024, doi: 10.3390/s24020587.
M. F. Hasan, A. A. Rahman, and Z. H. Bohari, “Cloud Data Security Using AES and RSA Hybrid Mechanism,” J Phys Conf Ser, vol. 2319, no. 1, p. 12015, 2022, doi: 10.1088/1742-6596/2319/1/012015.
L. K. P. Saputra and I. G. M. S. Wibawa, “Implementasi Algoritma Kriptografi AES CBC Untuk Keamanan Komunikasi Data Pada Hardware,” Jurnal RESISTOR (Rekayasa Sistem Komputer), vol. 7, no. 3, pp. 245–252, 2024, doi: 10.31598/jurnalresistor.v7i3.1892.
Y. Utami and A. Wibowo, “Analisis Perbandingan Performa Algoritma Kriptografi AES-256 dan Camellia pada Enkripsi Citra Digital,” Jurnal Teknologi Informasi dan Ilmu Komputer (JTIIK), vol. 9, no. 3, pp. 567–574, 2022, doi: 10.25126/jtiik.202295438.
Y. Zhang, H. Li, and X. Chen, “Memory Consumption Analysis of Symmetric Encryption Algorithms in High-Level Languages,” IEEE Access, vol. 11, pp. 118234–118246, 2023, doi: 10.1109/ACCESS.2023.3312456.
R. Singh and P. Kumar, “Performance Evaluation of AES Encryption in Python for Large-Scale Data Processing,” Journal of Information Security and Applications, vol. 74, p. 103550, 2023, doi: 10.1016/j.jisa.2023.103550.
J. Almeida, R. Costa, and P. Silva, “Revisiting AES-128 and AES-256 Performance on Modern CPU Architectures,” Future Generation Computer Systems, vol. 149, pp. 45–57, 2024, doi: 10.1016/j.future.2023.10.012.
F. N. Syahrani and W. Pramusinto, “Implementation of AES 128 and Vigenere Cipher Cryptographic Algorithms in Ngopi Coffee Shop with Web-Based Applications,” STORAGE: Jurnal Ilmiah Teknik dan Ilmu Komputer, vol. 3, no. 3, pp. 440–449, 2024.
N. Nurdin, “Comparative Analysis Between Advanced Encryption Standard and Fully Homomorphic Encryption Algorithm to Secure Data in Financial Technology Applications,” Jurnal CoreIT: Jurnal Hasil Penelitian Ilmu Komputer dan Teknologi Informasi, vol. 9, no. 2, 2024.
K. Assaagyei, “Optimizing the Performance of the Advanced Encryption Standard Techniques for Secured Data Transmission,” Int J Comput Appl, vol. 185, no. 21, pp. 32–38, Jul. 2023.
